Ermengarde (Anjou) de Bretagne (abt. 966 - aft. 992)

Born about 0966 in Anjou Province, France

Ancestors

Descendants

Died after 0992 after about age 26 in France

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Line of Descent to William the Conqueror

Douglas Richardson ^[1] provides one line of descent from Charlemagne to William the Conqueror and four lines of descent from Charlemagne to William's wife Maud.

Parent: Adele, 950-984

This profile: Ermengarde, 966-992

Child: Judith, 982-1017

Disambiguation

Sometimes Ermengarde and her sister Gerberge are conflated into one person, "Ermengarde-Gerberga" ^[2][3]

Baldwin, however, notes that "there is no good reason to identify Geoffroy's daughters Ermengarde (wife of count Conan of Rennes) and Gerberge (wife of count Guillaume IV of Angoulême) as the same person, as is sometimes done ^[4]

Biography

Name

• Ermengarde d'Anjou ^[4][5]
• Ermengarde of Anjou^[6]

966 Birth

Baldwin states that Ermengarde's date and place of birth are unknown, but that chronologically, she must be a daughter of Geoffroy's first marriage to . Adèle de Troyes, daughter of Robert I, count of Troyes. ^[4] Richardson gives her birth range from 965 and 974^[1] -- bracketing her children's births between her marriage and her death.

In about 965, Ermengarde's mother Adela married Geoffroi I Grisegonelle, Count of Anjou (958/960-987), Count of Chalon (979-987), son of Foulques II the Good, Count of Anjoy, by his wife Gerberge. ^[1]

The chronologies of other events suggest that Ermengarde de Bretagne, daughter of Geoffroi and Adele, was born, say, 966, and married Conan I of Rennes, born about 950, who died in 992.

Cawley states that Ermengarde was presumably born before 965 if it is correct that her first child was born in 980. ^[5]

973 Marriage

Ermengarde married Conan I, Duke of Brittany, Prince of the Bretons, son and heir of Juhel (alias Berenger), Count of Rennes.^[6] Cawley refers to him as Comte de Rennes, son of JUDICAËL BERENGAR Comte de Rennes & his wife Gerberge. ^[5][3]

Baldwin reports that Rodulfus Glaber states that Conan married a sister of count Foulques of Anjou. ^[7]

The Chronicle of S. Florent says that Geoffrey was son of Conan by a sister of Foulques ^[8]

The Angevin genealogical collection states that Judith, wife of Richard of Normandy, was the daughter of Conan by his wife Ermengarde, daughter of Geoffroy of Anjou. ^[9]

Cawley gives the date of marriage as 973. ^[5]

If 966 is the correct estimation of her birth year, she would have been aged 7 at the time of her marriage. Her oldest child is shown born in 9870, when she would have been 14.

Conan was present at the court of Eudes, Count of Chartres, in 979.

In 981 Conan fought a battle against Guerech, Count of Nantes, and his Angevin allies, which is called the "first" Battle of Conquereuil.^[6]

Conan succeeded in 990 as CONAN I "le Tort" Duke of Brittany. ^[10]

In 990 he made a donation to Mont Saint-Michel.^[6]

Conan was killed in battle at the 2nd Battle of Conquereuil near Nantes 27 June 992.^[6][5]

992 Family Conflict

Ermengarde's husband Conan of Rennes opposed her father and brother Fulk even though the marriage was apparently designed to form a political alliance between Anjou and Brittany. ^[3]

Even after her husband Conan had been killed by her brother Fulk at the battle of Battle of Conquereuil in 992, and during the period 992-994 when Ermengarde was Regent for their son Geoffrey, she remained loyal to her brother Fulk III, Count of Anjou. ^[3]

In 992, following the interests of her brother, and functioning as Regent, she accepted Capetian over-lordship for Rennes while rejecting that of Odo I, Count of Blois.^[3]

Death of Ermengarde

Baldwin states that Eermengarde's date and place of death are unknown, but she died after the death of her husband Conan in 992. ^[4]

Issue

Directly Documented Children

Richardson states that they had four sons and one daughter. ^[6] Baldwin states that both Geoffroy and Judith are directly documented as Ermengarde's children.^[4]

1. Geoffroi I de Bretagne, duke of Brittany, ^[6] was born in Rennes in 980 ^[6] He died in 1008. The Cronicle of S. Florent says that Geoffrey was son of Conan by a sister of Foulques [Lobineau (1707), 2: 85].^[4]
2. Judith de Bretagne ^[6] was born Rennes, say, 982. She married Richard II, duke of Normandy. The Angevin genealogical collection states that Judith, wife of Richard of Normandy, was the daughter of Conan by his wife Ermengarde, daughter of Geoffroy of Anjou [Poupardin (1900), 208].^[4]

Probable children

The following children of Conan listed as children by Richardson. Baldwin states they are not directly documented as children of Ermengarde, but they could be her children.

1. Judicaël de Porhoët, ^[6], born, say, 984. Some accounts show him born in Rennes in 975, which would make his mother aged 9 at the time. He became Bishop of Vannes. Baldwin notes that if the statement that Judicaël became bishop during the life of his father is correct [Cart. Redon, 309], then placing him as a son of Ermengarde would be a tight chronological fit.^[4]
2. Catuallon born, say, 986. Catuallon was Abbot of Redon^[6][4]
3. Urvod^[6][4] This may be the same person as Hurnod, or Hurnodius of (Bretagne), born about 970, although any date of birth before 980 is suspect.

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2} Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. Kimball G Everingham, Editor. Salt Lake City, Utah: By the Author, 2013. Volume V, p. 485-486
2. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 4 (Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, Marburg, Germany. 1989), Tafel 817. Cited by Wikipedia. Geoffrey I Count of Anjou Accessed June 6, 2017. jhd
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4} Wikipedia page for Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9} Stewart Baldwin. The Henry Project. First uploaded 11 May 2006. Ermengarde d'Anjou Accesed June 8, 2017 jhd
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4} Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. Anjou and Maine Ermengarde d'Anjou
6. ↑ ^{6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11} Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry. Volume V, p. 486.
7. ↑ Maurice Prou, ed., Raoul Glaber - les cinq livres de ses histoires (900-1044) (Paris, 1886). Cited by Stewart Baldwin. The Henry Project. First uploaded 11 May 2006. Ermengarde d'Anjou Accesed June 8, 2017 jhd
8. ↑ Gui Alexis Lobineau, Histoire de Bretagne, 2 vols., (Paris, 1707) 2: 85], Cited by Stewart Baldwin. The Henry Project. First uploaded 11 May 2006. Ermengarde d'Anjou Accesed June 8, 2017 jhd
9. ↑ René Poupardin, "Généalogies angevines du XIe siècle", Mélanges d'Archéologie et d'Histoire (Paris, Rome) 20 (1900):199-208. Cited by Stewart Baldwin. The Henry Project. First uploaded 11 May 2006. Ermengarde d'Anjou Accesed June 8, 2017 jhd
10. ↑ Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. Conan

Acknowledgements

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