Harwood Long (abt. 1616 - bef. 1705)

Born about 1616 in Southwark, London, London, England [uncertain]

Wife of John Hicks — married 14 Mar 1637 (to about Jun 1645) in St Faiths Church, London, England

Wife of George Gardiner — married 1645 (to 1665) in Newport, Newport, Rhode Island

Wife of John Porter — married 1670 in Weymouth, Norfolk, Massachusetts

Descendants

Died before 1705 before about age 89 in Kingston, Kings County, Rhode Island [uncertain]

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Horod Long migrated to New England during the Puritan Great Migration (1621-1640). Join: Puritan Great Migration Project Discuss: pgm

Biography

Horod Long is Notable.

Disputed Origins

It has been suggested that Harwood (aka Horod) Long was the daughter of Robert Long and Elizabeth of Charlestown, Massachusetts. ^{[citation needed]} However, in her 1665 petition for divorce, she testified that her father had died shortly before she was sent to London, where she married John Hicks in 1637. She also says that her mother and brother had died "in His Majestyes service" some time before John Hicks abandoned her in 1644. Her own words tell us that her parents died in England. (But see below; her words may not be trustworthy.) Furthermore, there is an excellent account of Robert Long's family in "The Great Migration" series by Robert C. Anderson, and Harwood is not found among Robert's children. ^[1]

In her marriage record, her father is identified as William, and he was still living. (See below.)

The marriage allegation for John Hickes and Harwood Long states that he is of the Parish of St Olave and a bachelor aged about 23 years and Harwood is a spinster of the same parish aged about 21 years and is the daughter of William Long, husbandman^[2]

An additional hint may be found in the will of John Ayshford, dated Jan. 26, 1639, and filed in Somersetshire. ^[3] It makes a bequest to her. The document did not indicate where John lived. However, just a few miles from the Somerset/Devonshire county line lie the tiny towns of Ayshford and Burlescombe, Devonshire, where an extended family of Ayshfords dwelled.

If John and Harwood truly came from Devonshire, their ancestry is probably lost. Devon’s birth, marriage, and death records were stored at the county seat of Exeter, which was bombed and burned during World War II. Only a summary of John Ayshford’s will remains, for the document was destroyed, along with Devon’s vital records.

A history of Flushing, New York said that John graduated from Oxford, ^{[citation needed]} but he is not found in graduate lists. In his marriage allegation, John described himself as a salter of the parish of St.Olaves in Southwark (across the Thames River from London). John A. Brayton's article says that the index of the Worshipful Company of Salterers, London include a John Hicks who was made free as a salterer on June 13, 1636 in London.^{[citation needed]} The complete records burned in 1666, and there is no record of his parents, parish of birth, or apprenticeship.

Biography

Horod was a Friend (Quaker)

Her first name appears differently in various records.

The first record we have of her (so far) is her 1637 marriage record ...

"March, 1636-7 ... 14 Hickes, John & Long, Harwood." ^[4]

While many secondary sources call this woman Herodias (the first was Austin's "Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island"), no known actual record has it spelled so.

We retain "Herodias" as an alternate spelling so people will find this profile when searching.

According to her own testimony, Horod Long ^{[5] [6]} was married at the age of thirteen or fourteen to her first husband, John Hicks:

"Before the General Assembly of Newport, she declared, "That when her father died in England, she was sent to London and was married unknown to her friends to John Hicks, privately, in the under church of Paul's called St.Faith's church, she being between thirteen and fourteen years old. She then came to New England with her husband, and lived at Weymouth two and a half years, thence coming to Rhode Island, and there lived ever since till she came to Pettacomscott." ^[7]

and ...

In 1665 Horod stated: “ther [at London] taken by one John Hickes unknowne to any of my friends and by the said hicks privitly married in the under Church of paules Called saint faiths Church.”

St.Faith’s was once a separate church, but it was swallowed up by the expansion of St. Paul’s Cathedral. It was given its own chapel within the vast cathedral, and kept its own records.

However, the actual marriage records conflict with her testimony ...

Mar. 14, 1636[/7]

Wch date, appeared p[er]sonally John Hicke of ye parish of St. Olaves in Southwark salter and a batchelour aged about 23 yeares and alledged that he intendeth to marrie with Harwood Long spinster aged about 21 yeares ye daughter of William Long Husbandman who giveth his Consent to this intended marriage and of ye truth of the pr[e]mises as also that he knows of no Lawfull let or impediment by reason of anie pr[ior] contract Consanguinity affinitie or otherwise to hinder this intended marriage he made faith and desires license to be married in ye parish Church of St ffaith London [signed] John Hicke. ^[8]

Harwood's marriage record contradicts her testimony. Either she or John Hicks (or both) slanted sworn testimonies to their own ends, thus proving that sometimes even contemporaneous records can not always be trusted. ^[1]

About 1638, John and Horod Hicks traveled from England to America (about which she was not happy per her later testimony) and settled in Weymouth, Massachusetts.

They separated by 1645, when John removed to Flushing, Long Island. The details of their marriage and separation are not totally clear, but it would appear that John believed that his wife was adulterous, and he was physically abusive because of it.

John Hicks filed and obtained a divorce on the grounds of adultery in New Netherlands.^{[9] [10]}

They ultimately obtained a legal divorce by 1655. ^{[citation needed]}

Horod then co-habitated with George Gardiner (which may have been the reason for her separation from Hicks). They were never legally married, but lived in a common-law marriage for about 20 years.

NOTE: If she or George were Quaker by this time, and depending on the practice of her local Meeting, they could have been married through a simple exchange of vows with each other. This is supported by testimony given by Robert Stanton:

Testimony as to her marriage to George Gardner was given by Robert Stanton, who declared one night at his house both of them did say before him and his wife that they did take one the other as man and wife. (Two years later, John Hicks, whom they supposed had died returned. She obtained her divorce from Hicks on December 3, 1643 when she became the wife of George Gardiner under the common law.

From their union previous to her divorce, two sons were born, George in 1641 and Benoni in 1643. The name Benoni meaning "son of my sorrow". His father called him Benjamin. ^[7]

This union produced at least seven (some sources say eight) children. Horod petitioned for a divorce (or separation) from George Gardiner in 1665. George appeared in front of the Assembly in Newport, Rhode Island, for the petition of Horod to dissolve the marriage.^{[11] [12]}

During her marriage to George Gardiner, Horod became an avid Quaker. She is famous for walking 60 miles through the wilderness with her infant daughter Rebecca, and her friend Mary Stanton, from Newport, Rhode Island to her former home in Weymouth, Massachusetts, to announce her faith in 1658. Since it was illegal to be a Quaker in Massachusetts during this time, Horod and Mary were sentenced by Governor Endicott to be whipped and jailed for 14 days. ^[7]

She married by 1670 John Porter with whom she initially lived as a house servant. However, they married after they were both charged with cohabitating indecently. ^[13] Both John and Horod were aquitted of the the separate charges and by 1671 Horod had co-signed several deeds. ^[14] She remained married to John for the rest of their lives.^[7]

In May of 1665, John Porter's first wife Margaret petitioned the Assembly that he had left her destitute and dependent upon her children. The Assembly froze his assets until he made adequate compensation a month later. ^[15]

Her date of death is unknown.

On November 17, 1705, the Gardiners of Kingston, Rhode Island and their half brother Thomas Hicks of Flushing, Long Island, New York, made a settlement relative to Horod's estate. Since her name does not appear in the public records later than November 2, 1673, and since there was much delay in arranging the settlement, her death may have occurred many years previous to 1705. ^[7]

Children

1. Hannah Hicks, b: c1638
2. Elizabeth Hicks, b: c1640 (speculative)
3. Thomas Hicks, b: c1642.

1. Benony Gardner, b: 1643-1644
2. Henry Gardiner, b: 1645
3. George Gardiner, b: c1647
4. William Gardiner, b: c1651
5. Nicholas Gardiner, b: 1654
6. Dorcas Gardiner, b: 1656
7. Rebecca Gardiner, b: c1658.

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Butler, Joann. "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Herodias/Horod (Long) (Hicks) (Gardner) Porter"
2. ↑ Marriage allegation https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/616532:2056?tid=&pid=&queryId=bd4f36839b1b558d1e52828b93de5fe0&_phsrc=ZHP26709&_phstart=successSource
3. ↑ Extract of Somerset Wills as cited in http://www.rebelpuritan.com/More.html - see also: https://somerset.epexio.com/search/all:records/0_50/all/score_desc/ayshford
4. ↑ Reginald M. Glencross, ed., "A Calendar of the Marriage Licence Allegations in the Registry of the Bishop of London: 1597 to 1700" (London: British Record Society 1937) p153
5. ↑ Wikipedia: Herodias_Gardiner
6. ↑ U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications 1889-1970 compiled by National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution of Louisville, Kentucky; res: USA
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4} Gardner
8. ↑ London and Surrey, England, Marriage Bonds and Allegations 1597-1921 v19 p92; on ancestry.com; indexed under John Hicke
9. ↑ Moriarty(1943)
10. ↑ Moriarty(1963)
11. ↑ Austin: page 51
12. ↑ Moriarty(1945)
13. ↑ Anderson: p1503-4
14. ↑ Austin: page 155
15. ↑ Austin: page 155

• Brayton, John Anderson. "Robert, William, and Thomas Hicks of Flushing, Long Island, NY, and Granville Co., NC," North Carolina Genealogical Society Journal 29(August 2003):278–309, at 280–88.

• Filby, P. William. Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s (Gale Research, Farmington Hills, MI, USA, 2012) res: 1638 Weymouth, Massachusetts

• Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620–1633 (New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995) p1503–4; isbn# 978-0-88082-120-9; OCLC 42469253

• Robinson, Caroline E. The Gardiners of Narragansett: being a genealogy of the descendants of George Gardiner, the colonist 1638 (Providence, Rhode Island 1919)

• Gardner, Lillian May Stickney & Gardner, Charles Morris. Gardner History and Genealogy (Erie Printing Company, 1907) page 29-31

• Austin, John Osborne. The Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island (1887) p163

• https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/48398/images/RIFamiliesII-001429-352?ssrc=&backlabel=Return&pId=330234 "Genealogies of Rhode Island Families" v2 Some Notes on Eighteenth Century Block Island; image #365/818 on ancestry.com (image attached here)

• Moriarty, G. Andrews (April 1943). "Additions and Corrections to Austin's Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island". The American Genealogist 19: 222.

• Moriarty, G. Andrews (1945). "Parentage of George Gardiner of Newport, Rhode Island in The American Genealogist (TAG) 21: 195

• Moriarty, G. Andrews (July 1952) Herodias (Long) Hicks-Gardiner-Porter A Tale of Old Newport" Rhode Island History v2 p84-92

• Moriarty, G. Andrews (Jan 1963). "Additions and Corrections to Austin's Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island"; The American Genealogist (TAG) 39: page 2

Historical Fiction

Note: The following are works of fiction and not true evidence. However, they are based on what evidence was learned by Austin and Butler.

• Austin, John O. The Journal of William Jefferay, Gentleman (E. L. Freeman & Sons, 1899) page 58

• Austin, John O. More Seven Club Tales: Found in Mr. Jefferay's Papers Marked: "Some Strange Relatings, Sent by Divers ... [et Al.] edited by John Osborne Austin Mistress Porter's Tale: My Husbands and Other Tales

• Butler, Jo Ann. A Scandalous Life: Rebel Puritan

• History and genealogy of the Mayflower planters and first comers to ye olde colonie

Vol. II. The merchant adventurers of England 1500?-1605 [1]

• Herodias (Long) Hicks-Gardiner-Porter, a Tale of Old Newport by G. Andrews Moriaty – RI History, July 1952, pp 84-92.